Category: self-reflection

mental wellbeing, mental-health, self-reflection

How to build a better relationship with social media

As featured in Woman and Home, 19.08.2025

If you’ve ever promised yourself you’d “just have a quick scroll” and found yourself still glued to your phone an hour later, you’re not alone. Social media is designed to keep us engaged,but with some thoughtful steps, you can create a healthier, more intentional relationship with it. Change isn’t about willpower alone; it’s about knowing why you want to change, using your strengths, and aligning new habits with your values.

1. Know Your Why
Before making changes, pause and ask yourself: Why do I want a different relationship with social media? Is it because it’s eating into time with loved ones, affecting my mood, or replacing activities I value? The clearer you are, the easier it will be to build meaningful habits you can maintain.

Try pairing a long-term aim, such as “I want to spend less time scrolling”, with a practical short-term step, like limiting social media use to a 10-minute window in the morning and evening. Tools like app timers can help you stick to these boundaries and remind you when it’s time to move on to something more fulfilling.

2. Chase the Joy of Missing Out
Goals are easier to stick to when they’re framed around what you’re moving towards rather than what you’re avoiding. If you’re cutting down on social media, think about what you’re gaining, like peace of mind, more time for hobbies, deeper face-to-face conversations. This is sometimes called the “Joy of Missing Out” (JOMO): the satisfaction of saying “no” to the scroll and “yes” to something more rewarding.

If that feels unfamiliar, think back to a time you put your phone aside. What did you do instead? How did you feel afterwards? Remembering those wins can reinforce your motivation when temptation strikes.

3. Make Your Goals Crystal Clear
Vague intentions like “spend less time on Instagram” are harder to follow than concrete ones. Instead, try: “Check notifications once in the afternoon, then log off.” This way, you can track your progress and feel a genuine sense of achievement. Over time, you can extend your phone-free periods or reduce the number of apps you check.

4. Celebrate Your Success
When you stick to your new habit, reward yourself. This doesn’t have to mean spending money,it could be making a favourite cup of tea, enjoying a walk, or spending time on a creative project you love. The key is to pause and notice the satisfaction that comes from following through. That positive reinforcement strengthens the habit and makes it more likely to last.

Remember: Forming a new habit takes patience and self-compassion. If you slip up, treat it as an opportunity to learn rather than a failure. With a clear purpose, realistic steps, and a focus on what you gain, social media can shift from a drain on your attention to a tool you use on your own terms.

Book Review, mental wellbeing, Psychology students, science communication, self-reflection

Braintenance – Review

Braintenance: How to Create Healthy Habits and Reach Your Goals – Dr Julia Ravey

If you’re looking for a practical and engaging guide to beating procrastination and building happier habits, I highly recommend Braintenance by Dr Julia Ravey.

One of the things I really like about this book is its clear structure of Why, Sci, Try. For each topic, Dr Ravey first explains why something happens, then shares the science behind it, and finally gives simple, practical steps so you can try new techniques for yourself. It’s a great way to connect research with everyday life, and is written very clearly.

The advice focuses on topics like how to direct your focus, prioritise processes over outcomes, and beat procrastination. Dr Ravey also uses personal insights to make examples more tangible and accessible.

I recommend Braintenance for anyone looking for science-backed advice on how to improve their habits. I think it’s particularly interesting for students to see how scientists can write about their area of expertise for wider audiences.

Buy here. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

Psychology students, self-reflection

Reflective Practice: A Vital Skill for Every Aspiring Psychologist

Reflective practice is a core skill for any psychologist. Whether you’re aiming to become a therapist, clinical psychologist, or working in research, educational, occupational or forensic settings, it’s a good skill to learn. At its heart, reflective practice involves actively thinking about an experience, particularly one you want to learn from, in order to improve your professional approach.

This means taking the time to pause and examine what happened, your role in it, and how you felt and thought during the experience. It includes evaluating your behaviour, noticing your emotional responses, and analysing your decisions. Through this process, you can identify what went well, what could have been different, and, importantly, what you might change in future similar situations.

Reflection is a structured process of analysing, questioning, and reframing. It enables you to grow not only in self-awareness but also in skill, confidence, and effectiveness. This is known as reflective learning, and it supports continual development across all areas of psychological practice.

Why Reflective Practice Matters in Psychology

While reflective practice is often associated with therapeutic training, it is used across all branches of psychology. Whether you’re working with clients, managing a research team, designing behaviour change interventions, or consulting in organisations, being reflective supports:

  • Improved decision-making
  • Greater empathy and self-awareness
  • Ethical sensitivity and professionalism
  • Ongoing learning and adaptability

Learning to be a reflective practitioner is, therefore, not just a course requirement, it’s a core skill for growth throughout your career as a psychologist.

How Students Can Practise Reflective Thinking

Psychology students are already developing the habits of critical thinking and evidence-based analysis. Reflective practice builds on this by encouraging you to apply that critical lens to your own experiences, whether in academic work, placements, personal interactions, or your own emotional responses to what you’re studying.

Here are some practical ways to start:

Keep a Reflective Journal

Journaling helps you ‘get your thoughts out of your head’ and onto the page. This can reduce cognitive and emotional overload and often leads to greater clarity. Whether you use a traditional notebook, a digital diary, or record voice notes, the format doesn’t matter, what’s important is that you create a space for reflection.

Create a Reflective Portfolio

Over time, build a portfolio that documents your reflections, learning, and professional growth. This might include reflections on lectures, placement experiences, feedback from tutors, or challenges you’ve overcome. It becomes a tangible record of your development, useful for job applications, supervision, or future training.

I made a downloadable PDF Reflection guides for clinical placements and study skills to get you started.

Ask Reflective Questions

Try using prompts such as (adapted from Bennett-Levy et al., 2009):

  • What happened? How did I feel? What did I notice?
  • What did I learn from this? Was it helpful or unhelpful?
  • What would I do differently next time?
  • How did this affect my understanding of myself, others, or psychology more broadly?

These kinds of questions can be used in written reflections, discussions with peers, or in supervision. They are also useful in therapeutic work for practitioners and clients to enhance insight and effectiveness.

Looking Ahead: Applying Reflective Practice to Your Career

In later stages of your training, you’ll begin applying these reflective skills more formally, whether through writing about your research, presenting casework, or preparing for publication. Regardless of your specific career path, the ability to reflect critically and compassionately on your work is what will set you apart as an ethical and thoughtful practitioner.

Being reflective isn’t about being overly self-critical or dwelling on mistakes. It’s about staying open, learning continuously, and improving your practice, not just for your benefit, but for the people and communities you aim to support.

Whether you’re heading into clinical training, research, or any other psychological field, reflective practice is a key skill for professional development. Start now, and let it grow with you throughout your career.

Reflective practice starter pack:

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.

Reflecting on my research goals
digital boundaries, emotional-wellbeing, mental wellbeing, mental-health, self-reflection, Uncategorized

How to take time away from tech

As Featured in Woman & Home, 11th June 2025

If you’re looking to reset your relationship with your tech, forming healthier habits is possible with a bit of thought, planning, and self-compassion.

Start with a Clear Goal

Before you jump into making changes, take a moment to think about why you want a healthier relationship with your tech. Defining your goal clearly can give you direction, a plan, and improve your motivation.

Ask yourself:

  • Is this a long- or short-term goal?
  • Can you break it into smaller steps?

Short-term goals help you stay on track and build confidence, while long-term goals provide something to strive for, which is linked to better wellbeing. For example, your overall goal might be to ‘Stop checking emails after work’. A useful short-term step could be setting a 10-minute window for emails, then putting your phone away for the evening, then muting notifications. You can make your tech work for you by using screen time limiters on specific apps after work.

Photo by Tyler Lastovich on Pexels.com

Focus on the Positive

When setting goals, try to frame them as something you want to move towards rather than something you’re trying to avoid. Instead of a goal of ‘Stop using tech’, try ‘Spend more time doing things I enjoy in the evening’. Research shows that goals based on positive outcomes, rather than avoiding negatives, are more likely to improve your wellbeing and help you stay motivated.

Be Specific and Measurable

A vague goal like ‘Spend less time on my phone’ is hard to stick to. Instead, be specific: ‘Put my phone in another room for 10 minutes after dinner’. That way, you’ll be able to measure your progress and feel a sense of achievement as you stick to your goal. If you want to increase your time away from tech, you can set new goals as time goes on. Increasing your tech-free time to 20 or 30 minutes will help build the habit over time, and show how far you’ve come!

Photo by Esra Afu015far on Pexels.com

Picture Your Progress

A simple but effective way to stay on track is to use mental imagery. This means imagining yourself in the future, and the possibilities available to you as you work on and achieve your goals. Picture the steps you took to get there, what decisions you made, what challenges you overcame, and how you will feel when you’ve done it. You could visualise one week from now, then two weeks, a month, and so on. This process helps build belief in yourself and maintains motivation.

Make It Practical and Doable

A goal like ‘Spend more time on activities I enjoy’ sounds lovely, but what does that actually look like? Start small: even just 10 minutes focused on your interests can lead to big changes in your wellbeing, and build long-term habits around your tech use. Consistency is key. Choosing behaviours that you know are manageable regularly are more likely to lead to lasting success.

If you want hints and tips on how to make new, Happy Habits, try the Happy Habits Box or Positive Postcards; science-backed tools for everyday happiness.

emotional-wellbeing, mental wellbeing, self-reflection, stress

Navigating the ‘quarter-life-crisis’

As featured in The Mirror 01.02.2025

Increasing numbers of young adults are experiencing what they call a ‘quarter-life-crisis’.

Forget the mid-life-crisis stereotypes of a middle aged man buying a sports-car in his 50s. Now people in their 20s are struggling with life transitions and understanding world, and who they are within it.

Culturally the concept and transition to adulthood has changed and become longer than for past generations. Emerging adulthood is now not a transition stage but a full developmental phase that lasts from18 years to about age 29 years of age. Whereas in say the 1970s, people were in full time work, married and having their first child by 25, these traditionally ‘Big’ life events are happening up to 10 years later than in the 1970s.

In the present day, people in their 20s are still learning about their identity – who are they, what is their place in the world, what do they want to do with their life.

It is also a stage of great instability in terms of their environment, as people figure out who they are they are also navigating an ever changing employment and economic landscapes.

It is no surprise then that more half of emerging adults often experience anxiety, and a third report often feeling depressed. Even if this is not a clinical diagnosis, more complex living environments twinned with expectations that do not align with changing society can lead to more stress and negative impacts on mental wellbeing.

Emerging adulthood can bring opportunities

Though this period of life seems defined by uncertainty, it can also present a lot of opportunities. Having more time as an emerging adult allows for exploration, learning, and self-understanding, that can ultimately lead to more intentional life choices. Rather than viewing this stage as a crisis to be fixed, it may be more helpful to recognise it as a normal part of modern development.

A good way to navigate this new season of life is to ensure you have good social support, realistic expectations, and have open conversations with people around you. Ask for advice, help and support. Take time to make decisions and reflect on their outcomes.

By acknowledging the challenges of emerging adulthood and reframing them as part of a longer journey toward self-understanding, society can help reduce negative views of emerging adulthood and empower young people to find meaning and resilience in the face of change.

mental wellbeing, self-reflection, stress

Are you an over-sharer?

As Featured in the Metro 22.05.2025

As Featured in Your Coffee Break 27.05.2025

We all have experiences and personal histories that shape who we are. Deciding how much of this to share, and where, often depends on the nature of the experience and the context of the sharing. In any interpersonal setting, finding a balance between openness and privacy is important not only for maintaining healthy relationships, but also for protecting our own wellbeing.

Oversharing typically refers to sharing personal details in a way that may be inappropriate, either because it’s overly intimate, causes discomfort to others, or brings about negative psychological consequences for the person sharing or their audience.

Oversharing online

It’s important to consider how we interact with social media platforms when we talk about oversharing. In face-to-face interactions, we receive immediate visual or verbal feedback from the person we’re speaking to. These cues help guide how much to share and indicate whether our disclosure is appropriate or welcome.

Photo by fauxels on Pexels.com

When sharing online, however, the process is different. We often create content alone, then post it for others to see, without immediate feedback. There is usually a time lag between posting and receiving any response, and that response may be minimal or absent altogether. This delay can make it difficult to judge whether what we’ve shared was appropriate or helpful.

Benefits of sharing

One possible benefit of online sharing is that certain digital spaces allow people to express themselves more freely. Some feel more able to be their true selves online, known as the online disinhibition effect. The perceived anonymity of online platforms can also make people more willing to share personal or emotional content, particularly if they believe their identity is concealed.

Online platforms can also help foster connection. Many people find community and support online, particularly around shared experiences, niche interests, or identities that may be underrepresented in their offline lives. Since sharing personal information often helps build social connection, being open online can serve as a substitute for interpersonal connection when it’s lacking in everyday life.

Photo by LinkedIn Sales Navigator on Pexels.com

If sharing leads to a sense of relief or validation, for example, if others empathise with the content, it can reinforce the idea that (over)sharing is a positive experience. In addition, social media platforms actively reward sharing behaviour. Likes, comments, and shares act as social reinforcers, and this can lead to habitual oversharing as a way to seek out more interaction. For people experiencing loneliness or a desire for recognition, oversharing can become a way to feel seen, understood, or connected.

Drawbacks of oversharing

However, using online spaces to seek connection through oversharing can come with significant downsides. When we’re primarily engaging online with people we don’t know offline, we may give less thought to the long-term consequences of what we share. What’s shared online also tends to stay online, and unlike private, in-person conversations, online disclosures can be screenshot, reshared, or misinterpreted by people far outside the original intended audience.

While openness can promote connection, oversharing can also backfire. In some cases, it may be a coping strategy; people might share a way of seeking support for unmet emotional needs or difficulties with emotional regulation. However, this can make others feel uncomfortable, overwhelmed, or unsure how to respond, resulting in awkwardness, embarrassment, or damage to personal or professional relationships.

There may also be a difference in how people respond to oversharing online compared to in person. Online, people may be less inclined to intervene when they notice someone oversharing. This might be due to uncertainty about how to respond, a feeling that it’s not their place, or simply digital fatigue from frequent exposure to emotionally charged content. As a result, someone sharing intensely personal information online may be met with silence, judgement, or indifference, rather than the support they hoped for.

Finally, there are also practical concerns: oversharing can expose sensitive personal details that increase the risk of identity theft, scams, or data misuse.

What to do before you share online

If oversharing online stems from an unmet need for empathy or validation, it may be helpful to explore alternative ways of processing those thoughts and feelings. This might involve seeking out different relationships, practices or outlets that offer support without relying on a public platform.

Journalling, for example, can be a useful way to get thoughts ‘out of your head’ and into a space where they can be organised. Often, simply writing things down helps to regulate emotions and your thoughts, meaning that detailed public sharing may no longer feel necessary. Journalling is also very flexible, you can use a traditional notebook, an app, or even a voice note if you find it easier to express yourself verbally.

Likewise, counselling and psychotherapy offer confidential, supportive environments in which to explore thoughts, feelings or experiences. These services are open to anyone looking for a space to feel heard, gain insight or work through challenges, and don’t require any sort of diagnosis to be accessed. If the desire to share online is actually about needing to process something, therapy might be a more private and constructive option.

Before posting something personal online, it’s worth asking yourself: “Am I happy for everyone to know this about me, or is it something I’m still working through?” If you’re uncertain, it’s probably best to hold off until you’ve had time to reflect and feel more confident in your decision.

For instance, if you’ve received exciting news about a job offer, you may want to celebrate publicly. But it might be sensible to wait until the offer is confirmed in writing. Similarly, if your social media includes colleagues or professional contacts, consider how sharing this news might affect your workplace relationships. It’s usually best to let your employer know formally before posting anything that could be seen by others in your professional network.

Ultimately, it’s about pausing to reflect: “Who might see this, and am I comfortable with them knowing this level of detail about me?” That moment of consideration can help safeguard your privacy, protect relationships, and ensure that your sharing is intentional rather than reactive.

Photo by Photo By: Kaboompics.com on Pexels.com

emotional-wellbeing, happy habits box, mental wellbeing, mental-health, positive postcards, self-reflection, stress

A Recipe for Moving and Coping

Lately, I’ve been asked a lot about movement and how it helps us cope. So, I’ve gathered up the key ingredients and put together a recipe of sorts. Like any good recipe, it’s flexible: you can mix and match to create your own personalised blend for mental wellbeing.

Move Your Body and Mind

It is clear that physical activity supports heart, joint and respiratory health, but it’s also an excellent way to improve mental wellbeing. Regular movement helps build resilience, our ability to adapt and cope with life’s challenges. Movement doesn’t need to be high-intensity workouts. Gardening, stretching, dancing in your kitchen, it all counts. What matters is getting your body involved in something different.

Find Your Joy

Joy is essential. Research consistently shows that regularly doing things we enjoy enhances and protects our mental wellbeing. Not only does it promote positive emotions like feelings of happiness, but it builds resilience. Choosing movement you actually like is one of the most effective ways to stay motivated and build a happy habit. 

Connect to Feel Grounded

Connection is another mental wellbeing must-have. Feeling supported, emotionally and practically, helps us cope with stress more effectively. Doing something active with others combines the benefits of movement and social connection. Whatever you do, spending time with people we enjoy fosters our sense of belonging and reduces loneliness. 

Step Into Greenspace

Simply being outside can benefit everyone, and pairing this with movement can enhance our wellbeing further. In our own research with university students, and, found that spending time outside had significant this benefit to mental wellbeing, and this was still clear when we accounted for other well-known positive influences like social connection, exercise, and mental health status. 

But quality of greenspace matters. Look for places that feel safe, are well maintained, accessible, and offer opportunities to engage in different ways, like walking paths, open lawns, or spaces to sit and reflect. And remember, what makes a space appealing is personal: the “right” spot is the one that feels and looks good to you.

Move Mindfully

Mindfulness is consciously noticing the present moment without judgement. When we fully pay attention to our current environment, we can shift focus away from past and future worries. Combining this with movement in the outdoors makes for another wonderfully positive combination to promote our wellbeing. 

Research shows that as little as 5–6 minutes of mindful walking can lead to noticeable  improvements. Physically, it can reduce blood pressure and increase walking speed and ability. Psychologically, it supports better mood, reduces stress, distress, and anxiety, whilst increasing people’s state of mindfulness.

To walk mindfully, pay close attention to your surroundings, your breathing, your footsteps, and even the thoughts that come and go. Try not to label these experiences as good or bad, just notice them.

Flow and Focus

If mindful walking doesn’t come easily, you could try a colour walk. Intentionally pick out and notice details and colours in your surroundings as you walk. This helps keep you present and prevent mind-wandering. Alternatively, you could try mindful photography, by taking pictures of things that catch your attention or hold personal meaning. Later, reflect on those images: What does this photo represent? Why is it meaningful to me? These small moments of reflection can help cement positive experiences and deepen their impact.

Focusing on nature, even in our own garden, can help focus attention and bring about a sense of calm. Activities we enjoy and lose ourselves in, where time seems to slip away, are often described as “flow states,” and these have also been linked to improved mood and wellbeing.

Movement isn’t just about fitness, it’s a way of coping, connecting, and cultivating wellbeing. Whether it’s a walk with a friend, a solo stroll in the park, or a reflective photo session, what matters most is that it feels good and works for you.

Try This: Happy Habits & Positive Postcards

If you’re looking to build these practices into daily life, check out the Happy Habits Box – a toolkit designed to help you find joy in the everyday. Positive postcards provide ideas and guidance for small, everyday activities to promote positivity.

emotional-wellbeing, mental wellbeing, self-reflection

Ways to embrace and accept sadness in a healthy way

As featured in Stylist March 2025

Sadness is a natural, important emotion that helps us process life’s experiences, learn about ourselves, and grow. 

First, we need to understand why we experience sadness. Sadness typically arises when we experience a type of loss, either something tangible like a possession, or experiences like connection with others.

Photo by cottonbro studio on Pexels.com

Whilst sadness is unpleasant, this negative experience lets us know that something was important to us, and so we learn about our needs, values and goals in the same way we do with positive experiences. Together, positive and negative experiences allow us to feel fulfilled in live, as we have things and experiences that we do not want to lose. 

When addressing sadness, getting a balance is key; dwelling on sadness can lead to a negative outlook on life, and supressing negative emotions altogether can negatively impact mood. But the concept of ‘embracing sadness’ can feel quite strange; no one truly relishes a negative experience but remembering that emotions are not permanent can support ‘feeling our feelings’ in the moment, and acknowledging that they will pass.

There are a number of exercises you can try out to help with this process.

Start with acceptance – A gentle way to accepting sadness is by first observing emotions in everyday life, at times when you are not feeling sad. Keeping a diary or journal can help with this. Try noting your emotions at different times of day, how long they last, thoughts that accompany them, and physical sensations. With practice this type of self-reflection becomes easier. As you gain confidence, you can start applying this to moments of sadness.

Observe your sadness– By taking an observer’s perspective you can notice emotions without judgement. Ask yourself ‘How does this sadness feel in the moment?’ ‘What physical sensations am I experiencing, and where is this in my body?’ You can also notice as you go through these questions how sadness changes, and what the impact of this change is. Bringing more objective awareness to your sadness can highlight that emotions are not permanent, and that you are not your emotions.

Describe your sadness – Going beyond a label of ‘sadness’ can help reduce the intensity of emotions. Describing can also help you reflect on the meaning behind this experience. You could take a commentator stance, explaining what the feeling is, as if to another person. Describing sadness can provide insight into what’s really going on, and reduce any related overwhelm. For example, if you have broken a treasured item possession, you might say:

  • I feel sadness in my shoulders
  • I feel disappointment in my stomach
  • The possession reminds me of a person I miss
  • Without this physical reminder I feel this loss more

Learn from your sadness – Reframing sadness as a learning experience can help shift perspective from the immediate emotion, without supressing or ignoring it. The ‘What, So What, Now What?’ method can be used to reflect on your emotional experience. 

  • What? – What did I experience? 
  • So What? – What does this sadness tell me about my strengths, values, and goals.
  • Now What? – How can I respond to similar experiences in the future?

By embracing, reflecting, and learning from sadness rather than avoiding it, we allow ourselves to heal and move forward with greater emotional strength.

emotional-wellbeing, mental wellbeing, mental-health, self-reflection

3 Good Things a day can improve wellbeing

As featured in The i Paper 07/03/2025

20 life skills you can learn in under 20 minutes

How to improve your mood

Paying attention to the positive aspects of life is a simple exercise that can lead to immediate and lasting change in mood. People tend to focus more on the negative, and while negative emotions are important for growth, this focus can be draining and impact wellbeing. Taking just 10 minutes a day to consciously acknowledge positive moments can help shift our mindset towards a more optimistic outlook. Even during difficult times, noticing the good can strengthen our ability to cope. 

3 Good Things Positive Postcard – Emma Palmer-Cooper

A great way to start is with the 3 Good Things exercise! At the end of the day, perhaps as you are getting into bed, you can:

1. Think about three things that went well for you today. 

2. Write them down. 

3. Reflect on each thing. How this make you feel at the time? How you feel about it now? Why you think this good thing happened?

Your 3 Good Things can be anything that brought you happiness – whether it’s a big success at work or a great cup of tea.

Practising 3 Good Things daily will bring the most benefits. To help make this a happy habit, you can pair it with a small but meaningful reward after each day of reflection. Over time, this simple exercise can help you focus on the positives, improving both mood and overall wellbeing.

3 Good Things in under a minute – YouTube @dr_emmaclaire

You can try this and other Positive Psychology activities with the Happy Habits Box.

emotional-wellbeing, mental wellbeing, mental-health, self-reflection

We need negative emotions to grow!

It isn’t intentional that my first post focusses on the negative! But this is where my mind has gone as a I reflect on a new year. ‘New Year New Me’ often focusses on bettering oneself through self-activation, autonomy and goal setting. But we need to be able to apply this to the entire spectrum of our experiences, and not just focus on the positive.

It is important to understand that negative emotions are not bad, but rather a natural part of the human experience. Wellbeing is not the absence of stress or distress, but the ability to cope with them1. Negative emotional experiences provide us with information about who we are, what we need, and what our boundaries are. Ignoring or suppressing these emotions can lead to negative changes in mental wellbeing.

Instead of trying to avoid negative emotions, it’s essential to learn how to manage and navigate them effectively. This can be done through techniques such as self-reflection, and seeking support from others. Successful self-care is about reflecting on who we are as individuals and what we need2. We can do this by understanding what we do to cope with negative emotions and experiences, what works, and what we need to change.

We do not have to be happy all the time, and it is ok and normal to feel sad, angry, or anxious. Acknowledging all our emotions is an opportunity to learn, grow, and lead a fulfilling life.

References

  1. American Psychological Association (2023) Wellbeing. APA Dictionary of Psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org/well-being
  2. Butler, L. D., Mercer, K. A., McClain-Meeder, K., Horne, D. M., & Dudley, M. (2019). Six domains of self-care: Attending to the whole person. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 29(1), 107-124.